Studies Explore The Brain, Cortisol, and Their Connection To Weight Loss

Sydney, Australia (PRWEB) April 29, 2013

In a story by the US Department of Agriculture, research has taken place where scientists have been trying to determine why there are dieters who are able to lose weight easier than others, as well as keeping it off.

Nancy L. Keim, and Kevin D. Laugero, a chemist and nutrition scientist respectfully, are leading the studies revolved around the brain and the ease of weight loss. Keim and Laugero are both with the USDAs Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center in California.

Since America is going through a major problem with obesity, The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have estimated that a large portion of the population are overweight or obese. In one of the investigations, 29 obese women, around the age of 20 to 45, took part in a 12 week weight loss regimen. It was found that several factors helped determine their weight management, such as the patterns of decision making, and the levels of cortisol, which is a stress related hormone.

Ultimately, the study concluded with varying results of weight loss among the participants, which ranged from 0 to 27 pounds. The results seemed to ignore the fact that each person in the study were eating the same food in the calorie controlled environment.

The findings that centered around Cortisol were based in saliva samples collected on two separate testing dates. Not really a surprise, the cortisol concentrations were exceptionally higher from the beginning to the end of the 12 week study. It seems that cortisol concentration is an indicator of psychological stress. This stress is usually a major factor to a dieters relapse back to unhealthy eating habits.

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Bel Marra Health Reports on a New Study: Deep brain stimulation curbs binge eating behavior and aides in weight loss.

Toronto, ON (PRWEB) May 03, 2013

Bel Marra Health, who offers high-quality, specially formulated vitamins and nutritional supplements, reports on a new study that found that deep brain stimulation in mice successfully curbed binge eating behaviors and led to weight loss. This supplements another study currently testing the same therapy in humans.

As Bel Marra Health reports in its article (http://www.belmarrahealth.com/weight-management/a-stimulating-solution-for-binge-eating-and-weight-loss/), deep brain stimulation (or DBS) therapy uses a surgically implanted battery-operated device, similar to a pacemaker. Once implanted, it delivers electrical stimulation to a specifically targeted area of the brain. For example, in the case of Parkinsons disease patients who experience tremors, the target area for DBS is the section of the brain that controls movement. The electrical current produced from the device blocks abnormal nerve signals that cause tremors for Parkinsons disease sufferers.

A new study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania shows that deep brain stimulation in a specific area of the brain seems to lead to weight loss in obese animals. The scientists involved in the experiment say the stimulation appears to reinforce the involvement of dopamine shortages in increasing behavior like binge eating. Testing showed that brain stimulation could reverse binge eating through the activation of the dopamine type-2 receptor.

During the study, the researchers targeted a small area in the reward centre of the brain known for addictive behavior. Mice receiving the stimulation consumed a lot less high-fat food than the mice who did not receive any deep brain stimulation. On days when the stimulation device was turned off, the implanted mice resumed their binge eating.

The testing went a step further by examining the long-term impact of deep brain stimulation on mice that had been given unlimited access to high-fat foods. The mice who received DBS consumed fewer calories and experienced considerable weight loss. The animals showed a big improvement in their glucose sensitivity, leading researchers to believe this could hold potential for the reversal of type-2 diabetes.

This study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, is the first of its kind to show that deep brain stimulation can be successfully used to stop harmful behaviors like binge eating, and can lead to effective weight loss. The next step for the Penn-U researchers is to pursue human trials. They are hopeful, for other studies involving DBS are already on the verge of proving positive weight loss results in human subjects.

While the researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have demonstrated positive results with stimulation in mice, another U.S university has also made significant strides in human research.

Just a few years ago, the FDA gave the University of West Virginia approval to move forward with a clinical human study on deep brain stimulation in morbidly obese individuals. Under tightly controlled guidelines, only 3 patients were approved for the study. Electrodes were surgically placed in the feeding centre of the brain, and the patients have been monitored for 2 years now. So far, the results show successful weight loss for 2 of the patients, with no adverse side effects due to the procedure. While the authors were encouraged by the findings, they admit that a larger study group is needed.

Researchers say that deep brain stimulation could work in the treatment of binge eating in different ways. One theory is that it simply reduces the craving for food. Another possibility is that it accelerates metabolism. One of the patients who participated in the University of West Virginia study went on national television 9 weeks after her procedure, stating that she didnt have cravings anymore and had already lost close to 12 pounds.

While brain surgery sounds like a dramatically drastic approach for many, doctors say that the risks associated with DBS are minimal, and with proper patient selection, can prove to be quite successful.

Bel Marra doctors note that, at the present time, weight loss strategies like diet programs, weight loss drugs and even gastric bypass surgery have not been able to work successfully for everyone. With the obesity epidemic continuing to grow, and binge eating and weight management continuing to be pressing issues for the general population, finding new methods for weight control are especially important before this global problem spins completely out of our control.

(SOURCE: Halpern, CH., et. al. "Deep brain stimulation in the treatment of obesity. Journal of Neurosurgery. 11 Feb. 2013.)

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New Study Reveals that Reduced Caloric Intake Delays Nerve Cell Loss, Making Appetite Control Supplements Like Liproxenol Supportive of a Healthy Aging Brain

Australia (PRWEB) June 10, 2013

As people age, they often become worried about retaining all of their mental faculties. A new study has revealed that reduced caloric intake may help with that very issue, making appetite control supplements such as Liproxenol valuable to staying mentally alert and cognitively aware long into retirement.

In the May 22, 2013 issue of The Journal of Neuroscience, a study was published in which researchers looked at mice and how caloric restriction (CR) impacted the neurodegeneration in the brain when it ages. Researchers used the mice to recreate the normal effects of aging on the brain and then they performed CR on them to see what the effects would be.

They reduced the calories in the diets of the mice by 30% and watched them over a course of 3 months. At certain intervals, the mice were given learning and memory tests to see how well they performed.

Researchers found that when the mice had lower caloric intakes, their brain function was preserved. Neurodegeneration had slowed down and mental dysfunction was reduced. They also noticed that CR accentuated the effects of the enzyme protein Sirtuin 1 (SIRT 1), which also plays a part in proper brain function.

They gave another set of mice SIRT 1 as opposed to a lower calorie diet to see if they received the same positive anti-aging benefits. They were trying to find out whether or not they could induce the same effects by drug rather than by diet.

They discovered that the mice that were given the SIRT 1 fared just as well on the learning and memory tests as the mice that had experienced CR. This finding opens the door to further testing to see if they get the same results on other animals and whether CR and similar acting chemicals slow down or completely stop the brain aging process.

Based on this research, it suggests that supplements such as Liproxenol, which helps people control their appetite, may not only foster weight loss, but it may also work to protect their brain function in the process.

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Deep Brain Stimulation Could Help Change Eating Behaviors in Morbidly Obese Patients

Berlin (PRWEB) June 13, 2013

The first use of deep brain stimulation to the brains feeding center was associated with a weight loss trend in morbidly obese patients, according to a pilot study presented today by Allegheny General Hospital neurosurgeon Michael Oh, MD at the International Neuromodulation Societys 11th World Congress in Berlin.

The FDA-approved study examined the safety and efficacy of using deep brain stimulation to change activity in lateral hypothalamic area (LHA)the area of the brain thought to control hunger